Mostrando artículos por etiqueta: science

Climate has shaped all of human history but has received concerted and sustained scientific attention only in recent decades. The new understanding shows that climate is not unchanging but variable, sometimes abruptly so. This variability results from both natural processes and human interference (largely inadvertent). The associated social and economic impacts are uneven and create winners and losers—among nations, private enterprise, and individuals. This emerging awareness has triggered a growing, often heated, political debate.

This paper discusses science and technology (S&T) reform in China by dividing the process into three stages, then explaining major policies and programs that play important roles in supporting reform. Through an analysis of the impact of S&T reform on national innovation systems (NIS) in China, we conclude that S&T reform has been effective in motivating universities and research institutes (URIs), building up the innovative capacities of enterprises, and promoting URI–industry linkages. We also point out that concerns remain about the S&T system in China, and the effects of S&T reform need to be further examined over the long run.

The United Kingdom has a proud history in science and innovation. Over many years British scientists have made discoveries that have opened the eyes of humanity to secrets about ourselves, our world, and places and times beyond what we knew before. British innovators have applied these ideas – and those of others – to transform the way we live now. We are one of the most prolific nations on earth for scientific discoveries, and we regularly attain a level of excellence, and therefore influence, beyond what others achieve. Although we collectively invest less than some other nations in research and development, we have become one of the countries recognised as a particularly fruitful place in which to innovate and we obtain high returns for every pound invested. While the importance of science and innovation go beyond the economic – they elevate and improve mankind and offer rewards that are beyond price – any nation should ask itself how it will earn its living in the future. The answer must be to build on our strengths, where those strengths are likely to be sources of advantage in the future. That is why science and innovation are at the heart of our long-term economic plan. Our aim is to be the best place in the world for science and business. Our plan to achieve this has 6 elements: 1 Deciding priorities 2 Nurturing scientific talent 3 Investing in our scientific infrastructure 4 Supporting research 5 Catalysing innovation 6 Participating in global science and innovation

This document sets out the functions and objectives of a sub-set of non-Government and government partner organisations working in science and innovation in the UK, complementing the UK Government’s Science and Innovation Strategy. It provides a reference for prospective partners and funders overseas, as well as the growing network of overseas posts that have research and innovation in their remit.